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Dominion Of India

Dominion of India

The Dominion of India was a political entity that existed between August 15, 1947 and January 26, 1950. When British rule in India ended in 1947, two dominions were created to succeed it: the dominions of India and Pakistan. Created by the Independence of India Act enacted by the British parliament, these entities existed until the promulgation of their individual constitutions. In the case of India, this occured on January 26, 1950; the Union of India came into existance on that date. During the dominion phase, the British monarch remained head of state of both countries, and was represented in each by a governor-general. However, these governors-general were not also designated "Viceroys" as had been customary under the British Raj. Two governors-general held office in India during the dominion period: #Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma (1947-48) #Chakravarti Rajagopalachari (1948-50) Jawaharlal Nehru held office as prime minister (and head of government) during this period.

See Also


- Government of India
- Governor-General of India
- Indian Independence Movement Category:History of India Category:British rule in India Category:Former countries Category:Former countries in Asia Category:Former monarchies

August 15

August 15 is the 227th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (228th in leap years), with 138 days remaining.

Events


- 778 - The Battle of Roncevaux Pass, in which Roland is killed
- 927 - The Saracens conquered and destroyed Taranto
- 1057 - King MacBeth of Scotland is killed during the Battle of Lumphanan by the forces of King Malcolm III.
- 1185 - The cave city of Vardzia was consecrated by Queen Tamar of Georgia
- 1309 - The city of Rhodes surrenders to the forces of the Knights of St. John, completing their conquest of Rhodes. The knights establish their headquartes on the island, and rename themselves as the Knights of Rhodes.
- 1517 - Seven Portuguese armed vessels led by Fernao Pires de Andrade meet Chinese officials at the Pearl River estuary.
- 1519 - Panama City, Panama is founded
- 1534 - The Society of Jesus is founded by Ignatius of Loyola with Francis Xavier and other students
- 1535 - Asuncion, Paraguay is founded
- 1540 - Arequipa, Peru is founded
- 1549 - Jesuit priest Francis Xavier comes ashore at Kagoshima (Traditional Japanese date: July 22, 1549).
- 1620 - The Mayflower departs Southampton, England.
- 1824 - Freed American slaves form Liberia.
- 1843 - The Cathedral of Our Lady of Peace in Honolulu, Hawaii is dedicated. Now the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Honolulu, it is the oldest Roman Catholic cathedral in continuous use in the United States.
- 1843 - Tivoli Gardens, one of the oldest still intact amusement parks in the world, opens in Copenhagen, Denmark.
- 1863 - The Satsuma war begins between the Satsuma clan and Britain (Traditional Japanese date: July 2, 1863).
- 1877 - Thomas Edison makes the first-ever recording - "Mary Had a Little Lamb"
- 1914 - The Panama Canal opens to traffic
- 1920 - Polish-Soviet War: Battle of Warsaw - Poles defeat the Red Army.
- 1942 - World War II: Operation Pedestal - The SS Ohio reaches the island of Malta barely afloat carrying vital fuel supplies for the island defenses.
- 1944 - World War II: Operation Anvil - Allied forces land in southern France.
- 1945 - World War II: Victory over Japan Day - Japan surrenders.
- 1945 - World War II: Korean Liberation Day
- 1947 - India gains independence from Britain. Jawaharlal Nehru takes office as the first Prime Minister of India
- 1948 - The Republic of Korea is established south of 38th Parallel
- 1960 - Republic of the Congo (Brazzaville) declares its independence from France
- 1961 - Construction begins on the Berlin Wall, Conrad Schumann flees from East Germany.
- 1965 - John Coltrane plays in Chicago, Illinois for the Downbeat Jazz Festival with Elvin Jones and McCoy Tyner.
- 1969 - The Woodstock Music and Art Festival opens.
- 1971 - President Richard Nixon ends convertibility of U.S. dollar into gold
- 1973 - Vietnam War: The United States bombing of Cambodia ends
- 1974 - Yook Young-soo, First Lady of South Korea is killed amid an apparent assassination attempt upon President of the South Korea, Park Chung-hee, during the anniversarial ceremony of the Liberation day.
- 1975 - Military coup in Bangladesh
- 1975 - Miki Takeo makes the first official pilgrimage to Yasukuni Shrine by a sitting prime minister on the anniversary of the end of World War II.
- 1977 - The Big Ear, a radio telescope operated by The Ohio State University as part of the SETI project, receives a radio signal from deep space; the event is named the "Wow! signal" for notation made by a volunteer on the project.
- 1978 - Foundation of Mirapuri - The City of Peace and Future Man
- 1998 - Omagh bomb in Northern Ireland, becoming the worst terrorist incident of The Troubles
- 1999 - Beni Ounif massacre in Algeria; some 29 people killed at a false roadblock near the Moroccan border, leading to temporary tensions with Morocco.

Births


- 1001 - King Duncan I of Scotland (d. 1040)
- 1171 - King Alfonso IX of Leon (d. 1230)
- 1195 - Anthony of Padua, Portuguese saint (d. 1231)
- 1432 - Luigi Pulci, Italian poet (d. 1484)
- 1613 - Gilles Ménage, French scholar (d. 1692)
- 1717 - Blind Jack, English roadbuilder (d. 1810)
- 1769 - Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of France (d. 1821)
- 1785 - Thomas De Quincey, English author (d. 1859)
- 1813 - Jules Grévy, President of France (d. 1891)
- 1856 - Ivan Franko, Ukrainian writer (d. 1916)
- 1858 - E. Nesbit, English author (d. 1924)
- 1872 - Sri Aurobindo, Indian writer, nationalist, philosopher, and guru (d. 1950)
- 1875 - Samuel Coleridge-Taylor, English composer (d. 1912)
- 1879 - Ethel Barrymore, American actress (d. 1959)
- 1887 - Edna Ferber, American novelist (d. 1968)
- 1883 - Ivan Meštrović, Croatian sculptor (d. 1962)
- 1890 - Jacques Ibert, French composer (d. 1962)
- 1892 - Louis, 7th duc de Broglie, French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1987)
- 1893 - Leslie Comrie, New Zealand astronomer and computing pioneer (d. 1950)
- 1896 - Gerty Cori, Austrian-born biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1957)
- 1896 - Leon Theremin, Russian inventor (d. 1993)
- 1900 - Jan Brzechwa, Polish poet (d. 1966)
- 1912 - Julia Child, American cook (d. 2004)
- 1912 - Dame Wendy Hiller, English actress (d. 2003)
- 1916 - Aleks Çaçi, Albanian writer
- 1917 - Jack Lynch, fourth President of Ireland (d. 1999)
- 1919 - Huntz Hall, American actor (d. 1999)
- 1922 - Lukas Foss, German-born composer
- 1923 - Rose Marie, American actress
- 1924 - Robert Bolt, English screenwriter (d. 1995)
- 1925 - Mike Connors, American actor
- 1925 - Willie Jones, baseball player (d. 1983)
- 1925 - Oscar Peterson, Canadian jazz pianist
- 1928 - Nicolas Roeg, English film director
- 1933 - Jim Lange, American game show host
- 1935 - Vernon Jordan Jr., U.S. Presidential advisor
- 1935 - Lionel Taylor, American football player
- 1938 - Janusz A. Zajdel, Polish writer
- 1944 - Linda Ellerbee, American journalist
- 1944 - Sylvie Vartan, French pop singer
- 1945 - Mahamandaleshwar Paramhans Swami Maheshwarananda, Indian guru
- 1945 - Begum Khaleda Zia, Prime Minister of Bangladesh
- 1946 - Jimmy Webb, American musician and composer
- 1947 - Raakhee Gulzar, Indian actress
- 1948 - Uschi Digard, American actress and model
- 1949 - Richard Deacon, Welsh sculptor
- 1950 - Princess Anne of the United Kingdom
- 1951 - Daba Diawara, Malian politician
- 1958 - Victor Shenderovich, Russian satirist
- 1965 - Rob Thomas, author and screenwriter
- 1968 - Debra Messing, American actress
- 1972 - Ben Affleck, American actor
- 1974 - Natasha Henstridge, Canadian actress
- 1977 - Igor Cassina, Italian gymnast
- 1975 - Kara Wolters, American basketball player
- 1976 - Boudewijn Zenden, Dutch football player
- 1978 - Tim Foreman, American bassist (Switchfoot)
- 1978 - Lilia Podkopayeva, Ukrainian gymnast

Deaths


- 778 - Roland, Frankish commander (killed in battle)
- 1040 - King Duncan I of Scotland (b. 1001)
- 1057 - King Macbeth I of Scotland
- 1118 - Alexius I Comnenus, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1048)
- 1196 - Conrad II, Duke of Swabia (b. 1173)
- 1274 - Robert de Sorbon, French theologian and founder of the Sorbonne (b. 1201)
- 1369 - Philippa of Hainault, queen of Edward III of England
- 1528 - Odet de Foix, Vicomte de Lautrec, French military leader (b. 1485)
- 1552 - Hermann of Wied, German Catholic archbishop (b. 1477)
- 1621 - John Barclay, Scottish writer (b. 1582)
- 1666 - Johann Adam Schall von Bell, German Jesuit missionary (b. 1591)
- 1714 - Constantin Brâncoveanu, Prince of Wallachia (b. 1654)
- 1728 - Marin Marais, French composer and viol player (b. 1656)
- 1799 - Giuseppe Parini, Italian poet (b. 1729)
- 1907 - Joseph Joachim, Austrian violinist (b. 1831)
- 1909 - Euclides da Cunha, Brazilian writer and sociologist (b. 1866)
- 1935 - Wiley Post, American pilot (b. 1898)
- 1935 - Will Rogers, American humorist and actor (b. 1879)
- 1936 - Grazia Deledda, Italian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1871)
- 1951 - Artur Schnabel, Polish pianist (b. 1882)
- 1953 - Ludwig Prandtl, German physicist (b. 1875)
- 1959 - Blind Willie McTell, American singer (b. 1901
- 1962 - Lei Feng, Chinese revolutionary (b. 1940)
- 1967 - René Magritte, Belgian painter (b. 1898)
- 1971 - Paul Lukas, Hungarian-born actor (b. 1887)
- 1975 - Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, President of Bangladesh (b. 1920)
- 1975 - Clay Shaw, John F. Kennedy assassination investigator (b. 1913)
- 1982 - Hugo Theorell, Swedish scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1903)
- 1990 - Viktor Tsoi, Russian musician (b. 1962)
- 1995 - John Cameron Swayze, American journalist (b. 1906)
- 1999 - Sir Hugh Casson, British architect and artist (b. 1910)
- 2001 - Richard Chelimo, Kenyan athlete (brain tumour) (b. 1972)
- 2003 - Gösta Sundqvist, Finnish songwriter and singer (heart attack) (b. 1957)
- 2004 - Sune Bergström, Swedish biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1916)
- 2004 - Amarsinh Chaudhary, Indian politician (b. 1941)
- 2005 - James Dougherty, first husband of Marilyn Monroe (leukemia)

Holidays and observances


- Eastern Orthodoxy – Feast of the Dormition of the Theotokos, the commemoration of the death of Mary, the mother of Jesus.
- RC Saints – Feast day of the Assumption of Mary, the mother of Jesus, Holy Day of Obligation. Public Holiday in: Austria, Belgium, Cameroon, Chile, Côte d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, East Timor, France, Greece, India, Italy, Lebanon, Lithuania, Malta, Mauritius, Poland, Portugal, Seychelles, Slovenia and Spain.
- Acadie – National Day
- Egypt – Flooding of the Nile Day
- Hawaii – Toro Nagashi (Floating Lantern Ceremony) to commemorate the end of the second world war
- India – Independence Day (from Britain, 1947)
- Italy – "Ferragosto", remembrance of an ancient Roman holiday in honor of Augustus (Feriae Augusti)
- Korea – Liberation Day
- Ancient Latvia – Māras
- Liechtenstein – Liechtenstein Day
- Poland – Polish Armed Forces Day
- Jamaica– Jamaican national dance Day(Bianca Day)
- Tuva – Tuva Republic Day, Naadym

External links


- [http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/15 BBC: On This Day] August 14 - August 16 - July 15 - September 15 -- listing of all days ko:8월 15일 ms:15 Ogos ja:8月15日 simple:August 15 th:15 สิงหาคม

1947

1947 (MCMXLVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar).

Events

January


- January 1 - British mines nationalized
- January 1 - Nigeria gains limited autonomy
- January 1 - The Canadian Citizenship Act went into effect
- January 3 - Proceedings of the U.S. Congress are televised for the first time
- January 10 - United Nations takes control of the free city of Trieste
- January 15 - Elizabeth Short (the "Black Dahlia") is found murdered
- January 16 - Inauguration of Vincent Auriol as a president of France
- January 24 - Demetrios Maximos founds monarchist government in Athens
- January 25 - Philippinean plane crashes in Hong Kong with $5 million worth of gold and money
- January 30 - February 8 - heavy blizzard in Canada buries towns from Winnipeg to Calgary

February


- February 3 - In Snag, Yukon Territory, -63 degrees Celsius
- February 3 - Percival Prattis becomes the first African American news correspondent allowed in the United States House of Representatives and Senate press gallery.
- February 5 - Boleslaw Bierut becomes president of Poland
- February 10 - Paris peace treaties signed between the World War II Allies and Italy, Hungary, Romania and Bulgaria: Italy cedes most of Istria to Yugoslavia
- February 12 - A meteor creates a crater into Sikhote-Alin, Soviet Union
- February 17 - Propaganda: The Voice of America begins to transmit radio broadcasts into the Soviet Union.
- February 20 - State of Prussia ceases to exist
- February 20 - Explosion at the O'Connor Electro-Plating Co in Los Angeles, California - 17 dead, 100 buildings damaged, 22-foot crater
- February 21 - In New York City, Edwin Land demonstrates the first "instant camera", the Polaroid Land Camera, to a meeting of the Optical Society of America.
- February 23 - International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is founded.
- February 28 - USA gives France a military base in Casablanca
- February 28 - In Taiwan, civil disorder is put down with large loss of civilian lives.

March-May


- March 1 - The International Monetary Fund begins to operate.
- March 1 - Wernher von Braun marries his first cousin, 18-year-old Maria von Quirstorp.
- March 1 - Japanese city Tsushima, Aichi is founded
- March 6 - USS Newport News, the first air-conditioned naval ship, is launched from Newport News, Virginia.
- March 12 - The Truman Doctrine is proclaimed to help stem the spread of Communism.
- March 15 - Hindus and Muslims clash in Punjab
- March 21 - Homer Collyer of the Collyer brothers is found dead in their house in Harlem, New York City. His brother is found April 8
- March 25 - A coalmine explosion in Centralia, Illinois kills 111.
- March 28 - WW2 Japanese booby trap explodes in Corregidor - 28 dead
- March 29 - Rebellion against French rule erupts in Madagascar
- April 16 - The Texas City Disaster - Ammonium nitrate cargo of SS Grandcap explodes in Texas City, Texas - 552 dead, 3000 injured, 200 lost, 20 city blocks destroyed
- May 1 - Gang of Salvatore Giuliano opens fire on a labor parade near Portella Della Ginestra, Sicily; Eleven killed, thirty wounded
- May 3 - New post-war Japanese constitution goes into effect.
- May 22 - Cold War: In an effort to fight the spread of Communism, President Harry S. Truman signs an act implementing the Truman Doctrine. The act granted $400 million in military and economic aid to Turkey and Greece.

June


- June 5 - Secretary of State Gen George Marshall outlines the Marshall Plan for U.S. aid to Europe.
- June 10 - Saab produces its first automobile.
- June 15 - Portuguese government orders 11 military officers and 19 university professors to resign accused of revolutionary activity
- June 20 - Bugsy Siegel found shot in the Beverly Hills mansion of Virginia Hill
- June 21 - A Seaman named Harold Dahl claims to have seen six UFOs near Maury Island. The next morning Dahl reports the first modern MIB encounter.
- June 23 - The United States Senate follows the United States House of Representatives in overriding U.S. President Harry S. Truman's veto of the Taft-Hartley Act.

July

Taft-Hartley Act
- July 1 - The Australian real estate franchise L. J. Hooker lists on the Australian Stock Exchange
- July 7 - Downed UFO believed to be found in the Roswell UFO incident
- July 10 - Princess Elizabeth announces engagement to Philip Mountbatten
- July 11 - Exodus (ship) departs France to Palestine with 4500 Jewish Holocaust survivor refugees
- July 18 - Following wide media and UNSCOP coverage, Exodus (ship) is captured by British troops and refused entry to Palestine in the port of Haifa
- July 18 - President Harry S. Truman signs the Presidential Succession Act into law which places the Speaker of the House and the Senate President Pro Tempore next in the line of succession after the United States Vice President.
- July 19 - Murder of Burmese nationalist Aung San
- July 24 - 100 year anniversary of Brigham Young leading 148 Mormon pioneers into the Salt Lake Valley, resulting in the establishment of Salt Lake City.
- July 26 - Cold War: U.S. President Harry S. Truman signs the National Security Act into United States law creating the Central Intelligence Agency, Department of Defense, Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the National Security Council.
- July 29 - After being shut off on November 9, 1946 for a refurbishment, ENIAC, one of the world's first digital computers, is turned on after a memory upgrade. It will remain in continuous operation until October 2, 1955.
- July 30 - Thor Heyerdahl sails with Kon-Tiki

August

Kon-Tiki Kon-Tiki
- August 5 - Netherlands stops political actions in Indonesia
- August 7 - Thor Heyerdahl's balsa wood raft the Kon-Tiki, smashes into the reef at Raroia in the Tuamotu Islands after a 101 day, 4,300 mile journey across the Pacific Ocean proving that pre-historic peoples could have traveled from South America.
- August 7 - The Bombay Municipal Corporation formally takes over the Bombay Electric Supply and Transport (BEST).
- August 9 - Beginning the 6 Scout World Jamboree - see [http://www.jamboree1947.com Jamboree Scout 1947] (in French)
- August 14 - Pakistan gains independence from the British Empire under the leadership of Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah. While the transition is officially at midnight on this day, Pakistan celebrates its independence on August 14 compared to India on the 15th. Muhammad Ali Jinnah became the first Governor General of Pakistan.
- August 15 - Following decades of nonviolent resistance and periodic civil unrest from 1919, India gains independence from the British Empire. Pakistan splits from India. Jawaharlal Nehru takes office as first Prime Minister of India.
- August 15 - The Khan of Baluchistan declares independence (acceeds to Pakistan in 1948)
- August 16 - In Greece, General Markos Vafiadis takes over
- August 23 - Prime Minister of Greece Dimitrios Maximos resigns.
- August 27 - When the French government lowers the bread ration to 200 grams, it causes riots in Verdun and Le Mans

September-October


- September 4-September 21 - Hurricane in southeast Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama - 51 killed
- September 9 - "First actual case of (a computer) bug being found" - a moth lodged in a relay of a Mark II computer at Harvard.
- September 13 - Nehru suggests transfer of 4 million Hindus and Muslims between India and Pakistan.
- September 18 - The United States Army Air Forces, along with some components of the United States Navy's air arm, becomes the United States Air Force.
- October 14 - American test pilot, Captain Chuck Yeager flies a Bell X-1 faster than the speed of sound, the first man to do so in level flight.
- October 20 - The Indo-Pakistani War of 1947 begins
- October 30 - The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which is the foundation of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) is founded.

November


- November 2 - In California, Designer Howard Hughes performs the maiden flight of the Spruce Goose; the largest fixed-wing aircraft ever built (flight lasted only eight minutes).
- November 2 - Earthquake in Chilean Andes - 233 dead
- November 10 - Arrest of four steel workers in Marseille begins a communist rioting that spreads to Paris
- November 16 - 15.000 demonstrate in Brussels against the relatively short sentences of Nazis.
- November 16 - British begin to withdraw their troops from Palestine.
- November 20- Her Royal Highness Princess Elizabeth marries the Duke of Edinburgh at Westminster Abbey, London.
- November 20 - Paul Ramadier resigns as Prime Minister of France - he is succeeded by Robert Schuman. Schuman calls 80.000 reservists to quell the rioting miners
- November 24 - Red Scare:The United States House of Representatives votes 346 to 17 to approve citations of contempt of U.S. Congress against the so-called Hollywood 10 after the 10 had refused to co-operate with the House Un-American Activities Committee concerning allegations of Communist influence in the movie industry, (the 10 were blacklisted by Hollywood movie studios the next day).
- November 25 - New Zealand ratifies the Statute of Westminster and thus becomes independent of legislative control by the United Kingdom.
- November 27 - In Paris, police occupy editorial offices of communist newspapers.
- November 29 - The United Nations General Assembly votes to partition Palestine between Arabs and Jews.

December


- December 3 - French communist strikers derail Paris-Tourcoing Express train because of false rumors that it was transporting soldiers - 21 dead
- December 3 - Tennessee Williams' play A Streetcar Named Desire opens on Broadway.
- December 4 - French interior minister Jules Moch secures emergency measures against riots after six days of violent arguments in the national assembly
- December 9 - French labour unions calls off the general strike and begin negotiations with the French government
- December 23 - the Transistor is invented.
- December 30 - King Michael of Romania abdicates

Unknown dates


- Prussia is legally abolished in March by the Allied Control Council following World War II and the establishment of the Oder-Neisse line as Germany's eastern border.
- The House Un-American Activities Committee begin their investigations of communism in Hollywood.
- Cambridge University begins to admits women as full students.
- Mikhail Kalashnikov designs the AK-47 assault rifle.
- Walter Morrison invents the Frisbee.
- Raytheon produces first commercial microwave oven.
- Women's suffrage is granted in Argentina.

Births

January


- January 1 - Afeni Shakur
- January 2 - Ai
- January 2 - Jack Hanna, American zoologist
- January 3 - Patricia Anthony
- January 6 - Sandy Denny, British vocalist (d. 1978)
- January 8 - David Bowie, English musician
- January 8 - Jenny Boyd
- January 8 - Samuel Schmid, Swiss Federal Councilor
- January 16 - Laura Schlessinger, American psychologist and radio talk show host
- January 18 - Takeshi Kitano, Japanese film director and actor
- January 23 - Thomas R. Carper, U.S. Senator from Delaware.
- January 24 - Warren Zevon, American musician (d. 2003)
- January 29 - Linda B. Buck, American biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- January 30 - Les Barker, English poet
- January 30 - Steve Marriott, British musician (The Small Faces) (d. 1991)
- January 31 - Nolan Ryan, baseball player

February


- February 1 - Jessica Savitch, American journalist (d. 1983)
- February 2 - Farrah Fawcett, American actress
- February 2 - Melanie, American singer
- February 3 - Paul Auster, American novelist
- February 4 - Dan Quayle, Vice President of the United States
- February 5 - Darrell Waltrip, American race car driver and broadcaster
- February 10 - Louise Arbour, Canadian jurist
- February 13 - Mike Krzyzewski, American basketball coach
- February 18 - Princess Christina of the Netherlands
- February 18 - Dennis DeYoung, American musician (Styx)
- February 20 - Peter Osgood, English footballer
- February 20 - Peter Strauss, American actor
- February 24 - Edward James Olmos, American actor
- February 25 - Lee Evans, American athlete
- February 25 - Doug Yule, American singer and musician (The Velvet Underground)
- February 27 - Gidon Kremer, Latvian violinist

March


- March 3 - Miyamoto Teru, Japanese author
- March 4 - Jan Garbarek, Norwegian musician
- March 6 - Kiki Dee, American singer
- March 6 - Dick Fosbury, American athlete
- March 6 - Rob Reiner, American actor, comedian, and producer
- March 7 - Matthew Fisher, British singer-songwriter, and producer
- March 7 - Walter Röhrl, German car racer
- March 7 - Richard Lawson, American actor
- March 8 - Carole Bayer Sager, American composer
- March 10 - Kim Campbell, Prime Minister of Canada (1993)
- March 12 - Kalervo Palsa, Finnish artist
- March 13 - Beat Richner, Swiss pediatrician and cellist
- March 14 - Pam Ayres, English poet
- March 14 - Billy Crystal, American actor and comedian
- March 15 - Ry Cooder, American guitarist
- March 19 - Glenn Close, American actress
- March 20 - John Boswell, American historian (d. 1994)
- March 24 - Louise Lanctôt, Canadian terrorist and writer
- March 25 - Elton John, English singer
- March 27 - Walt Mossberg, American newspaper columnist

April


- April 1 - Alain Connes, French mathematician
- April 2 - Emmylou Harris, American singer
- April 2 - Camille Paglia, American writer
- April 6 - John Ratzenberger, American actor
- April 8 - Tom DeLay, American politician
- April 11 - Deem Bristow, American video game actor (d. 2005)
- April 12 - Tom Clancy, American author
- April 12 - David Letterman, American entertainer
- April 16 - Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, American basketball player
- April 18 - Kathy Acker, American author (d. 1997)
- April 18 - James Woods, American actor
- April 19 - Murray Perahia, American pianist
- April 23 - Philip Schneider, American structural engineer
- April 25 - Johan Cruijff, Dutch footballer and coach
- April 29 - Olavo de Carvalho, Brazilian philosopher

May


- May 6 - Martha Nussbaum, American philosopher
- May 8 - H. Robert Horvitz, American biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- May 13 - Stephen R. Donaldson, American novelist
- May 26 - Glenn Turner, New Zealand cricket captains
- May 27 - Branko Oblak, Slovenian football player and coach

June


- June 4 - Viktor Klima, Chancellor of Austria
- June 6 - David Blunkett, British politician
- June 6 - Ada Kok, Dutch swimmer
- June 8 - Eric F. Wieschaus, American biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
- June 14 - Barry Melton, American musician (Country Joe and The Fish and The Dinosaurs)
- June 15 - John Hoagland, American war photographer (d. 1984)
- June 16 - -minu, Swiss columnist and writer
- June 19 - Salman Rushdie, Indian-born author
- June 20 - The Duchess of Gloucester
- June 20 - Candy Clark, American actress
- June 21 - Shirin Ebadi, Iranian activist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
- June 22 - David Lander, American actor and baseball scout
- June 22 - Pete Maravich, American basketball player (d. 1988)
- June 22 - Mike Stone, American football player
- June 28 - Mark Helprin, American writer

July


- July 2 - Larry David, American actor, writer, producer, and director
- July 3 - John William Carter, son of U.S President Jimmy Carter and Rosalynn Carter
- July 7 - Richard Beckinsale, British actor
- July 9 - O. J. Simpson, American football player, actor, and suspected murderer
- July 10 - Arlo Guthrie, American singer
- July 10 - Jackie Lane, British actress
- July 17 - Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall
- July 19 - Brian May, English guitarist (Queen)
- July 20 - Gerd Binnig, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- July 20 - Carlos Santana, Mexican guitarist
- July 21 - Co Adriaanse, Dutch football manager
- July 24 - Peter Serkin, American pianist
- July 30 - Arnold Schwarzenegger, Austrian-born actor, bodybuilder, and Governor of California

August


- August 10 - Ian Anderson, British musician (Jethro Tull)
- August 15 - Raakhee Gulzar, Indian actress
- August 19 - Gerard Schwarz, American conductor
- August 24 - Roger De Vlaeminck, Belgian road cyclist
- August 28 - Liza Wang, Hong Kong actress

September


- September 1 - Al Green, American politician
- September 3 - Kjell Magne Bondevik, Prime Minister of Norway
- September 17 - Tessa Jowell, British politician
- September 19 - Steve Bartlett, U.S. Congressman and Mayor of Dallas, Texas
- September 21 - Stephen King, American author
- September 22 - Norma McCorvey, American abortion plaintiff
- September 27 - Dick Advocaat, Dutch football manager
- September 30 - Marc Bolan, English musician (T Rex) (d. 1977)

October


- October 1 - Aaron Ciechanover, Israeli biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
- October 5 - Brian Johnson, English singer
- October 14 - Lukas Resetarits, Austrian cabaret artist and actor
- October 17 - Gene Green, American politician
- October 19 - Giorgio Cavazzano, Italian comics artist and illustrator
- October 24 - Kevin Kline, American actor
- October 26 - Hillary Rodham Clinton, First Lady of the United States and Senator from New York
- October 26 - Trevor Joyce, Irish poet

November


- November 14 - P. J. O'Rourke, American journalist and satirist
- November 19 - Bob Boone, baseball player and manager
- November 19 - Lamar S. Smith, American politician
- November 24 - Dwight Schultz, American actor

December


- December 7 - Wendy Padbury, British actress
- December 8 - Thomas R. Cech, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- December 9 - Tom Daschle, U.S. Senator
- December 14 - Christopher Parkening, American guitarist
- December 18 - Rod Piazza, American musician
- December 16 - Vincent Matthews, American athlete
- December 21 - Paco de Lucía, Spanish guitarist
- December 26 - Carlton Fisk, baseball player
- December 28 - Aurelio Rodríguez, Mexican Major League Baseball player (d. 2000)
- December 29 - Ted Danson, American actor
- December 30 - Michael Burns, American actor
- December 30 - Jeff Lynne, British musician (Electric Light Orchestra)
- December 31 - Tim Matheson, American actor
- December 31 - Burton Cummings, Canadian Musician Songwriter

Unknown date


- Florence Anthony, American poet

Fictional

None yet. Please erase this and put a name when one goes up here.

Deaths


- Emil J. Brach, American candy manufacturer (b. 1859)
- January 20 - Andrew Volstead, American politician (b. 1860)
- January 25 - Al Capone, American gangster (b. 1899)
- March 11 - Victor Lustig, Austrian-born con artist (b. 1890)
- March 18 - William C. Durant, American automobile pioneer (b. 1861)
- March 19 - Prudence Heward, Canadian painter (b. 1896)
- March 20 - Victor Goldschmidt, Swiss geochemist (b. 1888)
- March 30 - Arthur Machen, Welsh-born author (b. 1863)
- April 1 - King George II of Greece (b. 1890)
- April 7 - Henry Ford, American automobile manufacturer (b. 1863)
- April 20 - King Christian X of Denmark (b. 1870)
- April 24 - Willa Cather, American novelist (b. 1873)
- May 8 - Harry Gordon Selfridge, American department store magnate (b. 1858)
- May 16 - Frederick Hopkins, English biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine (b. 1861)
- May 17 - George William Forbes, Prime Minister of New Zealand
- May 20 - Philipp Lenard, Austrian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1862)
- May 24 - C. F. Ramuz, Swiss writer (b. 1878)
- July 19 - Aung San, Burmese nationalist (assassinated) (b. 1915)
- July 30 - Joseph Cook, sixth Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1860)
- October 4 - Max Planck, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1858)
- October 6 - Leevi Madetoja, Finnish composer (b. 1887)
- November 25 - Léon-Paul Fargue, French writer (b. 1876)
- December 1 - Aleister Crowley, British occultist (b. 1875)
- December 1 - G. H. Hardy, British mathematician (b. 1877)
- December 7 - Tristan Bernard, French writer and lawyer (b. 1866)
- December 7 - Nicholas M. Butler, American president of Columbia University, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1862)
- December 17 - J. N. Brønsted, Danish chemist (b. 1879)

Nobel Prizes


- Physics - Edward Victor Appleton
- Chemistry - Sir Robert Robinson
- Medicine - Carl Ferdinand Cori, Gerty Cori, Bernardo Houssay
- Literature - André Gide
- Peace - The Friends Service Council (UK) and The American Friends Service Committee (USA), on behalf of the Religious Society of Friends Category:1947 ko:1947년 ms:1947 ja:1947年 simple:1947 th:พ.ศ. 2490

January 26

January 26 is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 339 days remaining (340 in leap years).

Events


- 1340 - King Edward III of England is declared King of France.
- 1500 - Vicente Yáñez Pinzón becomes the first European to discover Brazil.
- 1531 - Lisbon, Portugal is hit by an earthquake--thousands die.
- 1699 - Treaty of Carlowitz signed.
- 1700 - The magnitude 9 Cascadia Earthquake took place off the coast of the American Northwest, as evidenced by Japanese records.
- 1736 - Stanislaus I of Poland abdicates his throne.
- 1785 - Benjamin Franklin writes a letter to his daughter expressing disappointment over the selection of the eagle as the symbol of the United States; he wanted the turkey.
- 1788 - The British First Fleet, led by Arthur Phillip, sail into Sydney Harbour to establish Sydney, the first permanent European settlement on the continent. Celebrated as Australia Day.
- 1802 - The U.S. Congress passes an act calling for a library to be established within the U.S. Capitol; eventually this becomes the Library of Congress.
- 1808 - Rum Rebellion, the only successful (but temporary) armed takeover of the government in Australia.
- 1837 - Michigan is admitted as the 26th U.S. state.
- 1838 - Tennessee enacts the first prohibition law in the United States
- 1841 - The United Kingdom formally occupies Hong Kong, which China had ceded.
- 1861 - The state of Louisiana secedes from the Union.
- 1863 - American Civil War: General Ambrose Burnside is relieved of command of the Army of the Potomac after the disastrous Fredericksburg campaign. He is replaced by Joseph Hooker.
- 1863 - American Civil War: Massachusetts Governor receives permission from Secretary of War to raise a militia organization for men of African descent.
- 1870 - American Civil War: Virginia rejoins the Union.
- 1885 - Troops loyal to the Mahdi conquer Khartoum.
- 1887 - Battle of Dogali: Abyssinian troops defeat Italians.
- 1905 - The Cullinan Diamond is found near Pretoria, South Africa at the Premier Mine.
- 1911 - Glenn H. Curtiss flies the first successful seaplane.
- 1934 - The Apollo Theater opens in Harlem, New York City.
- 1939 - Spanish Civil War: Troops loyal to Francisco Franco and aided by Italy take Barcelona.
- 1942 - World War II: The first American forces arrive in Europe landing in Northern Ireland.
- 1946 - Félix Gouin becomes Prime Minister of France.
- 1950 - India promulgates its constitution forming a republic and Rajendra Prasad is sworn in as its first president.
- 1956 - 1956 Winter Olympic Games open in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy.
- 1961 - John F. Kennedy appoints Janet G. Travell to be his physician. This is the first time a woman holds this appointment.
- 1962 - Ranger 3 is launched to study the moon. The space probe later missed the moon by 22,000 miles (35,400 km).
- 1965 - Hindi becomes the official language of India.
- 1966 - The Beaumont Children go missing from Glenelg Beach in Adelaide, South Australia.
- 1970 - Folk rock duo Simon and Garfunkel release classic album Bridge Over Troubled Water.
- 1980 - Israel and Egypt establish diplomatic relations.
- 1983 - Lotus 1-2-3 is released.
- 1986 - Super Bowl XX: The Chicago Bears defeat the New England Patriots, 46-10.
- 1992 - Boris Yeltsin announces that Russia is going to stop targeting United States cities with nuclear weapons.
- 1992 - Super Bowl XXVI: The Washington Redskins defeat the Buffalo Bills, 37-24.
- 1993 - Václav Havel elected President of the Czech Republic.
- 1994 - A man fires two blank shots at Charles, Prince of Wales in Sydney, Australia.
- 1996 - Whitewater scandal: Hillary Rodham Clinton testifies before a grand jury.
- 1997 - Super Bowl XXXI: The Green Bay Packers defeat the New England Patriots, 35-21.
- 1998 - Lewinsky scandal: On American television, Bill Clinton denies he had "sexual relations" with former White House intern Monica Lewinsky.
- 1998 - Compaq buys Digital Equipment Corporation.
- 2000 - Robert F. Vasa ordained Bishop of the Diocese of Baker
- 2000 - XHTML 1.0 becomes a World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Recommendation.
- 2001 - A 50-year-old Douglas DC-3 crashes near Ciudad Bolivar, Venezuela killing 24.
- 2001 - An earthquake hits Gujarat, India, causing more than 20,000 deaths.
- 2003 - Super Bowl XXXVII: The Tampa Bay Buccaneers defeat the Oakland Raiders, 48-21, earning the Buccaneers their first Vince Lombardi Trophy.
- 2005 - The Glendale train crash occurs, involving three trains; the accident kills 11 and injures 200 in Glendale, California near Los Angeles early in the morning peak hours.
- 2005 - Having been confirmed earlier in the day by a vote of 85-13 in the United States Senate, Condoleezza Rice is sworn in as U.S. Secretary of State, becoming the first African American woman to hold the post.
- 2005 - A helicopter crash in eastern Iraq kills 31 United States soldiers.

Births

1497 to 1899


- 1497 - Emperor Go-Nara of Japan (d. 1557)
- 1541 - Florent Chrestien, French writer (d. 1596)
- 1714 - Jean-Baptiste Pigalle, French sculptor (d. 1785)
- 1716 - George Germain, 1st Viscount Sackville, British soldier and politician (d. 1785)
- 1722 - Alexander Carlyle, Scottish church leader (d. 1805)
- 1763 - King Charles XIV of Sweden, Jean Baptiste Jules Bernadotte, Napoleonic general (d. 1841)
- 1781 - Achim von Arnim, German poet (d. 1831)
- 1813 - Juan Pablo Duarte, founding father of the Dominican Republic (d. 1876)
- 1826 - Julia Dent Grant, First Lady of the United States (d. 1902)
- 1880 - Douglas MacArthur, American general (d. 1964)
- 1891 - Frank Costello, Italian-born gangster (d. 1973)
- 1892 - Zara Cully, American actress (d. 1978)

1900 to 1999


- 1900 - Karl Ristenpart, German conductor (d. 1967)
- 1901 - Stuart Symington, American politician (d. 1988)
- 1902 - Menno ter Braak, Dutch author and polemicist (d. 1940)
- 1904 - Ancel Keys, American scientist (d. 2004)
- 1904 - Seán MacBride, Irish statesman, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1988)
- 1905 - Charles Lane, American actor
- 1905 - Maria von Trapp, Austrian-born singer (d. 1987)
- 1908 - Stéphane Grappelli, French jazz violinist (d. 1997)
- 1911 - Polykarp Kusch, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1993)
- 1913 - James Van Heusen, American songwriter (d. 1990)
- 1915 - William Hopper, American actor (d. 1970)
- 1918 - Nicolae Ceauşescu, Romanian dictator (d. 1989)
- 1918 - Philip José Farmer, American writer
- 1921 - Akio Morita, Japanese businessman (d. 1999)
- 1922 - Michael Bentine, British comedian (d. 1996)
- 1923 - Anne Jeffreys, American actress
- 1924 - Rauf Denktash, Cypriot politician
- 1924 - Annette Strauss, philanthropist and Mayor of Dallas, Texas (d. 1998)
- 1925 - Joan Leslie, American actress
- 1925 - Paul Newman, American actor
- 1927 - José Azcona del Hoyo, President of Honduras (d. 2005)
- 1928 - Roger Vadim, French film director and actor (d. 2000)
- 1929 - Jules Feiffer, American cartoonist and writer
- 1932 - Clement Seymour "Sir Coxsone" Dodd, Jamaican record producer
- 1935 - Bob Uecker, baseball player, broadcaster, and actor
- 1937 - Joseph Saidu Momoh, Sierra Leone political leader (d. 2003)
- 1941 - Scott Glenn, American actor
- 1941 - Henry Jaglom, English director
- 1943 - César Gutiérrez, Venezuelan Major League Baseball player (d. 2005)
- 1943 - Jean Knight, American singer
- 1944 - Angela Davis, American feminist and activist
- 1945 - Jacqueline du Pré, English cellist (d. 1987)
- 1946 - Gene Siskel, American film critic (d. 1999)
- 1953 - Anders Fogh Rasmussen, Prime Minister of Denmark
- 1953 - Lucinda Williams, American singer
- 1955 - Eddie Van Halen, Dutch-born musician
- 1958 - Anita Baker, American singer
- 1958 - Ellen DeGeneres, American actress, comedienne, and talk show host
- 1961 - Wayne Gretzky, Canadian hockey player, coach, and team owner
- 1962 - Oscar Ruggeri, Argentine footballer
- 1963 - José Mourinho, Portuguese football manager
- 1963 - Andrew Ridgeley, English musician
- 1970 - Kirk Franklin, American singer
- 1976 - James May, British writer
- 1977 - Vince Carter, American basketball player

Deaths

1630 to 1899


- 1567 - Nicholas Wotton, English diplomat
- 1630 - Henry Briggs, English mathematician (b. 1556)
- 1636 - Jean Hotman, Marquis de Villers-St-Paul, French diplomat (b. 1552)
- 1697 - Georg Mohr, Danish mathematician (b. 1640)
- 1744 - Ludwig Andreas Graf Khevenhüller, Austrian field marshal (b. 1683)
- 1750 - Albert Schultens, Dutch philologist (b. 1686)
- 1795 - Johann Christoph Friedrich Bach, German composer (b. 1732)
- 1799 - Gabriel Christie, British general (b. 1722)
- 1823 -